Chuck.



S. I. LEWIS.

CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAE, 18, 1911. 1,01 1,975. Patented 1m 19,1911.

2 annnws-snsm 1.

WITNESSES INYENTOH S. T, LEWlB.

CHUCK.

APPLIUATION FILED 1111.12 1911.

1,011,975. Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

23 WITNESSES INVENTOR 07 0 Lil/UL! ,jzw l7dm/ for holding dri UNITED STATES SHERMAN '1'. LEWIS, 0F SWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHUCK.

Specification of team remit.

j Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

Application filed January- 18, 1911. Sertal No. 608,369.

To all whom it my concern.

Be it known that I, SHERMAN T. LEWIS of Swissvale, in the county of A llegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have mvented a new and useful Improvement in Chucks of which the followin is a full, clear, an exact description, re erence bemg had to the accompanving drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates tochucks for hold ng drills, bits and other articles, in a machine tool such asa lathe or drill ress, and the invention more articularly re ates t1) chucks lls of various cross sectional sha es. v

(ihe 'ob'ect of this invention is to prov de a chuck aving novel gripping means by which drills or other articles of various cross sections are securely. held in place while drilling or boring wlth the drill or b1t.

Another object of this invention 15 to provide a chuck having im roved means for gri ping and holding articles in the chuck and for tightening the ripping aws by which such articles are .he d 1n the chuck.

In the accompanying drawings, Fi ure 1 is a longitudinal section showing t e arrangcment and construction of the parts forming the chuck, the tapering shankpf a drill being grasped by t e tapering ]8.WS. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same taken on the line I1:II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation partly in section taken on the line IIIIII of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a side ele- .vation part1 in section showing the grip ping jaws 0 the chuck in holding en agement with the cylindrical shank ot a drill or other article. Fig. 5- is a transverse section of the same taken on the line VV of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a side elevation partly in section showing the construction of the gripping jaws and the means em loyed for actuating these jaws to grasp an hold articles placed between the jaws. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the same taken on the line VII-VII .ofFi .6.

sleeve havm ing or recess therein. The s core as shown.

Reprring to the drawings, 2 de i rates a a central lon itudlna is provided with internal screw threads at one end which enga e with the threaded end ofthe shank 3. his shank is'made to the standard Morseftaper, so as to fit the open-' with internal screw threads 6 into which a. threaded tightening nut 7 is screwed.

Detachaby secured within the counterbore 5 is a ring 8 havin an annular V- shaped groove 8" on one ace which forms one ball race for the balls 9 of an anti-friction bearin The inner end of the counterbore 5 is a so provided with an annular V- shaped groove 10 which registers with the annular groove 8 in the race rin 8, and onnst-he opposing race for the be Is 9; .A. peripheral groove is also provided in the rin 8 into which the balls 11 extend, these beds being held in position by the screws 12 which are cupped or recessed on their inner ends to form a seat for the balls 11. annular ring 8 is provided with a beveled bore i3 and this rin constitutes a seat for a purpose described iereinafter.

The tightening nut 7 is provided with a central tapering opening into which one end of the clamping jaws of the chuck extend. As shown, each clampin'g jaw is made in two nuts, 14 and 14, 15 and 15, which are iinged together, being held in engagement with each other by the screws 16. The upper ends of the jaw members 14, 15, are provided with a shoulder or lug 17 which en gages with the semi aunular flange 18 on one end of the pins 19, these )ms being inserted in openings or holes 20 in the end of the nut 7. A helical spring 21 surro incling each pin 19 engages with the flange portions 18 of these pins 19 and with the bottom of the openings 20 so as to move the pin outwardly in the o cning 20 and by engagement with the s ioulder or flange 17 on the jaw members 14, 15, to extend these jaw members and hold them stationary when the nut 7 is screwed outwardly in the counterbore 5 to release the shank of a drill or other article-held between'the gripping jaws. The jaw members 14 and 15 are provided with flanges or ribs 22 which engage The outer end ofthe oounterbore 5 is provided with the rabbcts or groovcstil'f, 7, provided.-

nut is 'screwed outwardly, the springs '20 surrounding the pins 19 will cause the shoulder 18 to press against the flange or shoulder 17 on the upper end of the grip these shank of a drill or other article is ping jaw members 14, 15, and hold the tapering outer surface of these ,members in engagement with the surface of the tapering opening in the annular ring 8. -As the nut 7 moves outwardly the lower gripping jaw members 14: and 15, by reason of the flanges 22, moving in the rabbets 7, 7", in the nut 7, will cause the jaws 14: and 15 to be moved away from each other so as to release the tool or other articles held between the gripping jaws.

It will be noted that in Fi s. 1 2 and 3, a tapering article is held between the gripping jaws while in Figs. 4 and 5 a cylinrical article is so held, and in Figs. 6 and 7 a drill shank or other article of rectangular cross section is shown in engagement with the gripping jaws.

When it is desired to secure a drill or other article in the chuck, the article is placed between the opposite gripping 'aws and the nut 7 screwed into the counter ore so as to cause the opposing gripping jaws to grasp and hold a drill placed between them. 0 facilitate this ti l tenin g operation, openmgs 23 are provi ed in the outer face of the nut into which the pins of. a spannerwrench are inserted during the tightening operation. The construction and operation of such spanners bein old and well known need not be further escribed. When the placed between the gripping jaws, .the nut 7 s then rotated so as to advance this nut into the counterbore 5 of the chuck. As the nut is rotated the gripping 'aws are also rotated about the axis of the c uck and the tapering surfaces at the back of the jaw members 14, 14, 15, 1 5, engage respective] with the annular r ng 8 of 'the anti-friction bearing and with the inner surface of the annular nut 7. By engagement ofthese inclined faces the gripping jaws are forced inwardly tightly into engagement with the article bemg grasped. The two members of each jaw being hinged together at their adjoining ends, a relative movement takes articles of various cross sections can be readily grasped by the opposite jaws, whether cylindrical or tapering, or of other crpss section, as will be seen byreference to Figs. 1, 4 6 and 7. As the nut is turned in ti htemn the jaws, the anti-friction bearlug ormed y the balls 9 and the ring 8 will rotate so as to reduce the friction to a minimum and to cause the jaws to ti htly rasp the article held between them. t shou d be noted that, as shown, it is only necessary to tighten the nut 7 sufiiciently to hold the drill shank or other article held between the jaws with force enou h to prevent it falling out by its own we1g t, and that after the drill or other article is so grasped, the machine tool to which the chuck is applied can be' started in operation, as the direction of rotaplace so that tion of the parts is such that the greater the force put upon th chuck by the drill-press or lathe the grea er will be the force with which. the article is grasped by the jaws. The effect of the turning o erations of the machine tool in \jihich the c uck is mounted is to eliect a 're'ater tightening eiiect upon the gripping 1 it's.

ll hen it is; desired to remove an article held between the jaws of the chuck, a spanner wrench is employed to retract the nut 7 in the counterbore 5 and by reason of the anti-friction bearing in the bottom of the counterbore this is readily accomplished, re sistance to release being greatly reduced by the employment of this anti-friction hearing. The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The em loyment of the anti-friction bearing which cooperates with the gripping jaws, reduces'the force necessary to release the aws, while the gripping ell'ect of the jaws is increased, due to the reduction in friction in tightening the jaws on the article being held. By making the jaws in sections and lnnging the sections together as shown, drills of various shapes and sizes can be operated with the same chuck and drills of various cross sections can .chuck, giving-a be securely held by the one greater range for which such chucks are adaptdior use. l

The chuck as shown is not limited to use with -a drilling machine, but is equally aplicable to lathes and other turning tools.

Modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from my invention as defined in the claims.

I claim 1. A chuck comprising a sleeve, a rotatable tapered sent within the sleeve. a tubular nut, and jaws having a connection with the nut to rotate therewith and provided with portions slidably engaging the tapered portion of the seat, said jaw portions. being out of contact with thesleeve, substantially as described.

2. A chuck comprising ble sent within the sleeve, and jaws rotatable with the nut and engaging the seat, the engaged )ortions of the seat and the jawsbeing re atively sha ed to wedge the jaws toward one another w en moved against the seat by the nut, the jaws being out of contact with the sleeve, substantially as described.

3. A chuck comprising a; sleeve, 9. seat within the sleeve and provided with a taered bore, a tubular nut provided with an internal tapered portion, and a plurality ofijaws' rotatable with the nut, each jaw ina sleeve, a rotataa tubular nut,

having'a beveled portion engaging the eveled portion of the nut, substantially as described.

4. A chuck comprising an internally threaded sleeve, a seat, a tubular nut engaging the threaded part of the sleeve and provided with an internal tapered portion, jaws having slidable connections with the nut, said jaws projecting beyond the inner end of the nut. said seat being provided with a' tapered portion against which the projecting portions of the jaws slidably engage to draw the jaws toward one another when the nut is moved into the sleeve, substantially as described.

chuck comprising a threaded sleeve, a nut engaging the threaded part. of the sleeve and ha vin a tapered bore provided with long-itudinal guideways therein, a pinrality of jaws. each jaw including pivotally connected parts. one part having a tapered portion provided with a rib engaging one of the guiden'ays. the other jaw part projecting beyond the inner end of the nut and provided with a beveled portion. and a seat in the sleeve provided with a tapered bore slidablv engaged by the tapered portions of the projecting jaws, substantially as d scribed.

(i. chuck comprising an internally threaded sleeve. a rotatable seat within the sleeve and in the fornrof a ring having a tapered bore, an anti-friction hearing between the ring and the sleeve. a tubular nut titted to the threaded part of the sleeve and provided with a tapered bore, and jaws carried internally by the nut and rotatable therewith. each jaw including pivot-ally connected parts. one not having a tapered portion provided with a slidable connection with the tapered bore of the nut and the other part projecting beyond the inner end of the nutand having a tapered portion engaging the tapered bore of the seat, substautially as described.

7. A chuck comprising a sleeve, a tubular nut carried thereby, a seat within the sleeve, jaws carried by the nut. and engaging the seat, the engaging portions of the seat and jaws being relatively tapered to move the jaws inwardly toward one another when crowded against the seat by the nut, and a spring bearing against the nut and each jaw, substantially as described.

8. A chuck comprising a threaded sleeve, a tubular nut; engaging the threaded part of the sleeve, :1 seat Within the sleeve having a tapered portion, jaws carried by the nut and engaging the tapered seat portion, the engaging portions of the seat and the jaws being relatively tapered to force the'jaws in wardly toward one another when crowded against. the seat by the nut, shouldered pins slidable in opgnings in the nut, each jaw having a shoulder engaging the shoulder of one of the pins, and springs surrounding the pins and bearing against the nut and the shoulders of the respective pins, substantially as described.

9. A chuck comprising a threaded sleeve.

a tubular not engaging the threaded part of the sleeve and having a, tapered bore, a seat within the sleeve having a tapered bore, jaws carried by the nut, each jaw including two pivotally connected parts, one part having a tapered portion engaging the beveled bore of the nut, the other part having a tapered portion engaging the beveled bore of the seat. shouldered pins slidable in openings in the nut. the part of each jaw which engages the seat having a shoulder engaged with the shoulder of one of the pins. and springs surromuling the pins and bearing against the nut and the shoulders of the res )ertive pins, substantially as described.

n testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

SHERMAN T. LEWIS. 'itnesses G. E. F. GRAY, F. A. Iowi.-R. 

